Final answer:
The question requires using nmap to perform a network scan to list all IPs, MAC addresses, and operating systems with their versions, after determining network parameters like gateway, subnet, and CIDR.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question pertains to running a network scan using nmap, which is a network scanning tool used for network discovery and security auditing. To scan a network and gather information on all IPs, MAC addresses, and operating systems including their versions, one must first determine the network gateway, the subnet, and the Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation to define the network range.
Once this information is obtained, the student can conduct an nmap scan with specific arguments to list all IPs on the network, list all MAC addresses, and list OS & versions for all IPS on the network. For example, using 'nmap -sn -O target-network' will perform a ping scan to list IPs and include OS detection.