Final answer:
Cosmic rays have affected the composition of the universe through the production of light elements, enrichment of the interstellar medium, and potential influence on the evolution of life on Earth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cosmic rays have affected the composition of the universe in several ways. Firstly, cosmic rays have contributed to the formation of light elements such as lithium, beryllium, and boron through collisions with interstellar protons. These elements are more abundant in cosmic rays than in stars and the Sun.
Secondly, cosmic rays produced by supernova explosions have played a role in the enrichment of the interstellar medium and the raw material of the Galaxy. Additionally, cosmic rays may have influenced the evolution of life on Earth through high-speed collisions with genetic material over billions of years.