Final answer:
The importation and exportation of goods in the 19th and 20th centuries spurred globalization, imperial expansion, and the creation of international trade relationships, predominantly under European influence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The importation and exportation of goods during the 19th and 20th centuries led to an era of globalization, imperial expansion, and the establishment of international trade relationships. The Industrial Revolution played a significant role in increasing the trade of goods, demanding new consumers and sources of raw materials, which drove European interest in global markets. This resulted in the creation of an international system dominated by Europe, where countries competed for resources and markets, leading to a global economy shaped by imperialism, the establishment of colonies, and the shifting balance of power.