Final answer:
Black nationalists in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) declared independence in 1965, but this was not recognized internationally until 1980 following a civil war.
Step-by-step explanation:
The year in which black nationalists became independent from white colonial governments varied across different regions in Africa. One prominent example is Rhodesia, where a unilateral declaration of independence by the white-dominated leadership occurred in 1965. However, this was not recognized by Britain or the international community, and sanctions were imposed by the United Nations. A civil war ensued, with the fight for free elections including black Africans, which ultimately led to independence in 1980 when the country was officially named Zimbabwe. Similarly, Kenya's fight for independence, led by the Kenya African Union and Jomo Kenyatta, culminated in independence from British colonial rule in 1963 after the Mau Mau Revolution.