Final answer:
The African Kingdoms comprised large political units with well-structured political systems. Trade-based empires like Ghana, Mali, and Songhai controlled vast territories.
Step-by-step explanation:
The African Kingdoms comprised large political units that were characterized by centralized states and kingdoms. These kingdoms were governed by powerful rulers, such as the pharaohs of Egypt, and had well-structured political systems.
For example, in West Africa, there were trade-based empires like Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. These empires controlled vast territories and had established systems of governance. They were involved in trans-Saharan trade and had economic prosperity.
In other regions of Africa, such as Central and Southern Africa, Bantu kingdoms emerged and dominated economically, politically, and culturally. These kingdoms utilized emerging technologies and governed heterogeneous populations.