Final answer:
Burns are classified by their depth as superficial (first-degree), partial thickness (second-degree), and full thickness (third and fourth-degree), affecting increasing layers of skin and requiring varying levels of medical care.
Step-by-step explanation:
Superficial, partial thickness, and full thickness are classifications of burns that describe the depth of the burn injury. Superficial burns, also known as first-degree burns, affect only the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin. They are often painful and swollen but typically heal on their own, like a mild sunburn. A partial thickness burn, or second-degree burn, affects both the epidermis and a portion of the dermis. These burns can result in swelling and blistering and require clean and sterile care to prevent infection, healing within several weeks. The most severe, full thickness burns, encompass both third and fourth-degree burns, extending through the entire epidermis and dermis, and can even affect underlying muscle and bone. These burns may not be as painful due to nerve damage but require immediate medical attention and often surgical intervention, such as debridement or grafting, to heal.