Final answer:
A buffer is a temporary storage area that holds data being transferred between two processes or devices. It can be in the stack or in the heap depending on where it is declared in the code. Buffer overflow is possible in programming languages that lack built-in protection. The Morris worm and the Sasser worm are examples of worms that exploited buffer vulnerabilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
A buffer is a temporary storage area that holds data being transferred between two processes or devices. It is used to compensate for differences in data transfer rates or to hold data that will be processed by the receiving device at a later time. In programming, a buffer can refer to an allocated section of memory used for storing data.
You can determine whether a buffer is in the stack or heap based on where it is declared in the code. When a buffer is declared within a function or method, it is typically allocated on the stack. On the other hand, if a buffer is dynamically allocated using functions like malloc or new, it is placed on the heap.
Buffer overflow is possible in programming languages that do not have built-in protection against it, such as C and C++. These languages allow direct memory access, which can lead to buffer overflow if proper checks and precautions are not taken.
The Morris worm and the Sasser worm are two examples of worms that exploited buffer vulnerabilities to propagate and spread.