Final answer:
The statement is false because oils with a high Viscosity Index (V.I) are designed to maintain a more consistent viscosity across temperature changes, resisting thinning at high temperatures and thickening at low temperatures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that oils with a high Viscosity Index (V.I) change little with an increase in temperature and oils with a low V.I change a lot with a decrease in temperature is false. Viscosity generally decreases with increasing temperature because as temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases. This higher kinetic energy allows molecules to overcome the attractive intermolecular forces that restrict their flow. A high V.I. oil is formulated to resist changes in viscosity with temperature fluctuations; it remains more stable across a range of temperatures. Consequently, it remains thicker at high temperatures and thinner at low temperatures relative to oils with a lower V.I. Therefore, it's not accurate to say that oils with a low V.I change with a decrease in temperature; rather, it's the rate of change in viscosity with temperature that differentiates high V.I oils from those with lower V.I.