Final answer:
Paramecium reproduce both sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction is through binary fission, and sexual reproduction occurs through a process called conjugation, where genetic material is exchanged but does not increase the number of individuals.
Step-by-step explanation:
Paramecium can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction in Paramecium typically occurs through binary fission, where a single cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. This is the primary means of reproduction for Paramecium. However, they are also capable of sexual reproduction through a process known as conjugation. During conjugation, two Paramecium cells temporarily join and exchange genetic material by swapping micronuclei. This process does not lead to an increase in the number of individuals but does result in genetic recombination and variation. Each Paramecium has two types of nuclei, a macronucleus and a micronucleus. The micronucleus is essential for the sexual reproduction process, whereas the macronucleus controls the non-reproductive cell functions and asexual reproduction.