Final answer:
Amoebae such as Entamoeba histolytica and Acanthamoeba cause illnesses including amoebiasis, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, and Acanthamoeba keratitis, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe, sometimes resulting in fatality.
Step-by-step explanation:
Amoebae are responsible for a variety of illnesses, one being amoebiasis (also known as amoebic dysentery), caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. This illness is commonly transmitted through the consumption of contaminated water or food and can trigger symptoms ranging from mild diarrhea to severe dysentery, with potential complications such as liver abscesses and chronic infection. The effects of amoebiasis can be substantial, causing abdominal distension, fever, and significant weight loss.
Another significant ailment caused by amoebae is granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE), which is often fatal and primarily affects individuals with compromised immune systems. GAE is caused by Acanthamoeba or Balamuthia species, which can enter the body through the nasal passages or skin lesions. This condition leads to inflammation in the brain, lesion formation, and typical neurological symptoms of encephalitis.
Acanthamoeba species can cause additional problems such as skin lesions, disseminated infections, and Acanthamoeba keratitis, an eye infection that, if left untreated, can result in vision impairment or blindness.