Final answer:
The independent variable in this study is instructional immediacy behaviors, and the dependent variable is the instructional immediacy.
The design of the study involves measuring instructional behaviors before and after a seminar.
Step-by-step explanation:
The independent variable in this study is B. Instructional Immediacy, as it is the variable that is being manipulated or controlled by Dr. Whitfield. She is measuring the instructional immediacy behaviors displayed by the business faculty at A&T.
The dependent variable in this study is B. Instructional Immediacy, as it is what Dr. Whitfield is measuring to see how the immediate teaching seminar affects the faculty's instructional behaviors.
The design of this study can be represented as J. 0---0---0---x---0---0---O, where Group A represents the instructional behaviors measured before the seminar and Group B represents the instructional behaviors measured after the seminar.