Final answer:
The C++ program provided uses vectors to store and manipulate two-dimensional matric matrices, taking user input to initialize the matrices, perform matrix multiplication, and print the results.
Step-by-step explanation:
Matrix Multiplication Program in C++
To write a C++ program for matrix multiplication, we will make use of vectors to store the matrices and create functions to perform tasks such as initializing the matrices with user input, multiplying the matrices, and printing the matrices. Below is a sample program that fulfills the requirements:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
// Function to input matrix elements
typedef vector<int> Vec;
typedef vector<Vec> Matrix;
Matrix inputMatrix(int rows, int cols) {
Matrix matrix(rows, Vec(cols));
for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
cout << "Please specify the element of " << i << " row " << j << " col: ";
cin >> matrix[i][j];
}
}
return matrix;
}
// Function to multiply two matrices
Matrix multiplyMatrices(const Matrix& A, const Matrix& B) {
int rowsA = A.size(), colsA = A[0].size(), colsB = B[0].size();
Matrix result(rowsA, Vec(colsB, 0));
for(int i = 0; i < rowsA; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < colsB; j++) {
for(int k = 0; k < colsA; k++) {
result[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];
}
}
}
return result;
}
// Function to print matrices
void printMatrix(const Matrix& mat) {
for(const Vec& row : mat) {
for(int val : row) {
cout << val << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
}
int main() {
int rowsA, colsA, rowsB, colsB;
cout << "Please specify the total row of your first matrix:";
cin >> rowsA;
cout << "Please specify the total column of your first matrix:";
cin >> colsA;
Matrix A = inputMatrix(rowsA, colsA);
rowsB = colsA; // Number of rows of B must be equal to number of cols of A
cout << "Please specify the total column of your second matrix:";
cin >> colsB;
Matrix B = inputMatrix(rowsB, colsB);
Matrix product = multiplyMatrices(A, B);
cout << "The input matrix A is:" << endl;
printMatrix(A);
cout << "The input matrix B is:" << endl;
printMatrix(B);
cout << "The final matrix is:" << endl;
printMatrix(product);
return 0;
}
This program uses three functions: inputMatrix asks the user for the dimensions and elements of the matrices, multiplyMatrices performs matrix multiplication, and printMatrix prints any given matrix. The user is prompted to enter the number of rows and columns for the first matrix, and the elements for both matrices.