Final answer:
The statement regarding job satisfaction and employee loyalty is indeed a hypothesis, which is a suggestion needing further investigation. Positive correlation doesn't imply health benefits, and factors like control over work and decision-making participation contribute significantly to job satisfaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "Job satisfaction has a positive effect on employee loyalty" is indeed an example of a hypothesis. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation. It is not a fact or a law, but rather a suggestion or a tentative theory that requires testing to verify its accuracy.
Regarding the question about a positive correlation and health benefits, the answer is false. A positive correlation simply indicates that two variables move in the same direction, but this does not imply any health benefits.
Job satisfaction is a significant research topic within business and management studies. Symbolic interactionists, like Melvin Kohn, study factors contributing to job satisfaction, such as the sense of control over one's work, participation in decision-making, freedom from surveillance, and feeling integral to work outcomes. These factors can have a profound effect on employee attitudes and loyalty.
Regarding the effect known as the 'team halo effect,' the correct answer is (a) teams appear to work better than they do. This effect can cause an overestimation of a team's effectiveness based on individual performances or other factors.
The Hawthorne effect refers to (d) the attention of researchers on subjects causes the effect the experimenter is looking for. It is an important consideration in psychology and business studies.
The statement 'When a theory has been known for a long time, it becomes a law' is false. Theories and laws are distinct in science; a law describes a repeated observation, while a theory provides the explanatory framework for those observations. Age does not convert a theory into a law.
The market revolution indeed brought many social and economic changes to the United States, so the answer to that assertion is true.