Final answer:
The eye brings things into focus by adjusting the shape of the lens through a process called accommodation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The eye brings things into focus by adjusting the shape of the lens through a process called accommodation. The lens is dynamic and flexes in response to objects at varying distances thanks to the muscles in the eye. For near objects, the lens thickens to increase its power, and for distant objects, it flattens, decreasing its power. This adjustment ensures a sharp image is projected onto the retina, specifically falling on the fovea centralis, which is responsible for high-acuity vision.
Presbyopia and myopia are common vision problems that arise when the eye cannot properly focus light on the retina. Presbyopia is a form of farsightedness due to loss of lens flexibility with age, causing difficulty focusing on close objects. Myopia, or nearsightedness, is caused by an elongation of the eyeball, making distant objects appear blurry. Both conditions can often be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or surgery.
Additionally, the eye is capable of detecting a wide range of light intensities and is essential for sensing direction, movement, sophisticated colors, and distances. Visual processing commences in the retina and signals are sent to the brain via the optic nerve.