Final answer:
Hydrocephalus is primarily caused by the blockage of the drainage of cerebral spinal fluid, leading to accumulation and pressure build-up in the brain, which can be treated with the implantation of a shunt to ensure balanced flow of CSF.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hydrocephalus is caused by a blockage of the drainage of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). The entire brain contains only about 8.5 tablespoons of CSF and is constantly produced in the ventricles, which creates an issue if a ventricle is obstructed as CSF accumulates, leading to swelling. This swelling condition can cause seizures, cognitive problems, and even death if not properly managed with medical intervention such as the insertion of a surgical shunt.
Implantation of a shunt involves inserting a tube into the ventricles and draining the excess CSF to another area like the abdominal cavity, where it can be reabsorbed by the bloodstream. Balancing the rate of removal of CSF with its production is crucial to avoid complications, such as overdraining or underdraining.
In summary, the main cause of hydrocephalus is the blockage of CSF drainage, which leads to an accumulation of fluid within the cranial cavity, increasing pressure on the brain. This health issue is closely monitored and treated to ensure the proper flow and balance of CSF.