Final answer:
Bone densitometry studies often use Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) for measuring bone density and semiparametric methods for analyzing changes in bone over time or conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two statistical methods that are commonly used with bone densitometry studies are Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and a form of semiparametric statistical analysis. DEXA is a highly precise method that uses two low-dose X-ray beams to determine the bone density by measuring the amount of energy absorbed, which varies according to the body's composition of bone, lean tissue mass, and fat. This method simultaneously evaluates bone density and fat content. On the other hand, semiparametric statistical methods, like the one cited in the Müller et al. (2002) study, can be used for estimating paleodemographic profiles and analyzing changes in bone structure over time or in different conditions.