Final answer:
The top two chronic conditions in persons older than 65 are arthritis and hypertension. Arthritis affects mobility, while hypertension increases cardiovascular risk. These conditions are exacerbated by lifestyle factors and an aging immune system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The top two chronic conditions affecting individuals over the age of 65 are arthritis and hypertension. Arthritis, a condition characterized by joint pain and stiffness, affects approximately 50% of seniors, impacting their mobility and overall quality of life. Hypertension or high blood pressure, occurs persistently at or above 140/90 mm Hg in about 38% of older adults, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, which includes issues such as heart disease and stroke. These conditions can be exacerbated by factors such as obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and a decrease in the efficiency of the immune system. Medical advancements have reduced some of the disabling effects of these diseases, yet they remain highly prevalent and a significant concern for the aging population.
In addition to these conditions, other common health issues among the elderly include heart disease and cancer. Lifestyle choices play a critical role in the development and management of these chronic diseases, with diet, exercise, and preventative health screenings being important in reducing the overall impact of these conditions.