Final answer:
The brain is safeguarded by three meningeal membranes: the tough outer Dura Mater, the web-like Arachnoid Mater, and the innermost Pia Mater. Together they protect the brain and assist in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.
Step-by-step explanation:
The brain is protected by three layers of tissue known as the meninges. These three meningeal membranes are:
- Dura Mater: The outermost layer, which is a thick, tough membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord. It also carries blood from the brain back to the heart through vein-like structures.
- Arachnoid Mater: This web-like middle layer sits between the dura and pia maters and contains a space filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- Pia Mater: The innermost layer that directly covers and adheres to the brain and spinal cord, almost like plastic wrap.
These layers not only protect the brain by acting as a barrier against impacts but also provide a circulatory function for cerebrospinal fluid, which cushions the brain, serves as a shock absorber, and ensures that the brain remains neutrally buoyant within the skull.