Final answer:
The T-score classifications in BMD testing range from 'Normal' for scores of -1.0 or above, to 'Osteopenia' for scores between -1.0 and -2.5, 'Osteoporosis' for -2.5 or below, and 'Severe osteoporosis' for a T-score of -2.5 or below with fractures.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Bone Mineral Density (BMD) testing, the T-score is used to compare an individual's bone density with that of a healthy 30-year-old adult. The T-score classifications are crucial for diagnosing osteoporosis and other conditions related to bone density. The different classifications are:
- Normal: A T-score of -1.0 or above.
- Osteopenia (low bone mass): A T-score between -1.0 and -2.5.
- Osteoporosis: A T-score of -2.5 or below.
- Severe osteoporosis: A T-score of -2.5 or below with one or more fragility fractures.
To determine the T-score, healthcare providers use Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) to measure bone density. The T-score is crucial for clinical decisions regarding the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.