Final answer:
The two primary causes of transmission overheating are friction and incorrect fluid level. These factors lead to heat generation and hinder proper cooling in the system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two primary causes of transmission overheating are friction and incorrect fluid level. Friction in the transmission system leads to the generation of heat, while incorrect fluid levels can prevent the proper lubrication and cooling of the system, exacerbating the heat buildup. Heat transfer mechanisms like conduction are crucial in automotive engineering; however, conduction alone is inefficient over large distances and short time frames. Vehicles use more efficient ways to manage thermal energy, such as through cooling systems that employ convection and radiation, to prevent overheating and maintain performance.
Given the context of the question, the answer is (a) Friction and incorrect fluid level. Other options such as air resistance, high voltage, corrosion, low tire pressure, software bugs, and hardware failures do not directly cause transmission overheating.