Final answer:
In project management, a task that determines the start or finish of another task is called a dependency. Predecessor tasks come before others affecting subsequent tasks called successors, while constraints are restrictions in scheduling.
Step-by-step explanation:
A task whose start or end date determines the start or finish of another task or tasks is known as a dependency. This term is commonly used in project management to describe a relationship where one task is reliant on another task's initiation or completion before it can begin or end. Predecessor refers to the task that comes before another in the schedule, thus affecting the subsequent task, which is known as the successor. Constraints, on the other hand, are restrictions that affect the scheduling or execution of a project, but they do not describe task relationships.