Final answer:
The Multicast Open Shortest Path First (MOSPF) protocol is an extension of the OSPF protocol that uses multicast routing to create source-based trees(option c).
Step-by-step explanation:
The Multicast Open Shortest Path First (MOSPF) protocol is an extension of the OSPF protocol that uses multicast routing to create source-based trees(option c).
Unlike unicast, where a message is sent to a single destination, multicast enables a single message to be transmitted to multiple receivers simultaneously. This allows for efficient communication in scenarios where multiple hosts need to receive the same data, such as streaming or video conferencing. MOSPF leverages multicast routing to efficiently distribute OSPF routing updates and maintain consistent network topologies across multiple routers and segments.