Final answer:
When blood pH exceeds 7.45, the condition is termed alkalosis, leading to symptoms like cognitive issues and muscle spasms, and can be life-threatening if severe.
Step-by-step explanation:
When blood pH raises higher than 7.45, the condition is known as alkalosis. This physiological state occurs when the blood becomes too basic (alkaline) and can lead to a range of symptoms including cognitive impairment, tingling or numbness in the extremities, muscle twitching and spasm, and nausea and vomiting. It can be caused by either metabolic or respiratory disorders. Alkalosis is the counterpart to acidosis, which occurs when blood pH drops below 7.35. Both conditions result from imbalances in the body's acid-base homeostasis, which is normally regulated by buffers in the blood. If left untreated, severe alkalosis can be fatal, especially if the pH rises above 7.8.