Final answer:
The decrease in heart rate and force of contraction is associated with the baroreceptor reflex, which adjusts heart function in response to changes in blood pressure. The correct answer to the student's question is c. baroreceptor reflex.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reduction in heart rate and force of contraction relates to the baroreceptor reflex. This reflex involves feedback from baroreceptors, which are sensory neurons that detect changes in blood pressure. When an increase in blood pressure is sensed, baroreceptors send signals to the cardiovascular centre to reduce sympathetic stimulation and increase parasympathetic activity, leading to a decrease in heart rate and ventricular contraction strength. The cardiovascular centre, which regulates cardiac function and maintains blood pressure homeostasis, will modulate the activity of the heart in response to various stimuli.