Final answer:
The impeded quantity in a slope control circuit is resistance. Resistance resists the flow of electric current and is measured in ohms, acting similarly to friction in mechanical systems. Resistors are the circuit elements that dissipate power by converting electric energy to heat.
Step-by-step explanation:
The quantity that is impeded in a slope control circuit is resistance. In the context of electricity, resistance is the property of materials to resist the passage of electric current. This is often described using the analogy that resistance in a circuit is like friction or air resistance in a mechanical system, acting to slow down the flow of charge. A component that exemplifies this property in a circuit is a resistor. According to Ohm's law, the voltage across a resistor is proportional to the current through it, with resistance being the proportionality constant.
Circuit elements that dissipate power, or convert electric energy to heat, are resistors. In the context of a slope control circuit that typically aims to regulate speed or torque, the controlled resistance is what limits the current and, hence, controls the performance of the circuit. Therefore, the correct option is e) Resistance.
Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω), which is defined as a volt per ampere of current. It impedes the flow of charge by causing collisions of moving charges with atoms and molecules in a substance, which then transfer energy to the substance and limit the current flow.