Final answer:
The management method focused on managing constraints is known as the Theory of Constraints. Developed by Dr. Eliyahu Goldratt, it's applied to identify and systematically improve the most critical constraint in the way of achieving a goal.
Step-by-step explanation:
The management approach that emphasizes the importance of managing constraints is known as the Theory of Constraints (c). Developed by Dr. Eliyahu M. Goldratt, it is a methodology aimed at identifying the most critical limiting factor (referred to as a constraint) that stands in the way of achieving a goal and then systematically improving that constraint until it is no longer the limiting factor. In contrast, Six Sigma focuses on reducing defects and improving quality, Lean Management is centered on eliminating waste and creating more value for customers without consuming more resources, and Total Quality Management (TQM) is a comprehensive management approach that works towards long-term success through customer satisfaction.