Final answer:
Executive orders are presidential directives that have the force of law without congressional approval, serving to interpret and implement legislation, but they can be overturned by courts or future presidents. The correct option is 5. Executive Orders may be issued by the President without Congressional approval.
Step-by-step explanation:
Executive orders are directives issued by the President that manage the operations of the federal government and have the binding force of law on federal agencies. These orders do not require approval from Congress, and courts consider them equivalent to laws. They often provide interpretations of how legislation should be implemented by the executive branch.
Historically, executive orders have led to significant changes, such as the establishment of the Peace Corps and the Environmental Protection Agency. However, executive orders are subject to judicial review and can be overturned, like during the Korean War when the Supreme Court revoked Truman's order. Additionally, they do not have the permanency of legislation passed by Congress and can be rescinded by subsequent presidents.
Executive orders stem from the President's duty to "take care that the laws be faithfully executed" as outlined in the Constitution, providing a way for the president to shape national policy and oversee the implementation of laws without the need for congressional approval. But, they can be checked by the other branches of government, like when policies are enacted by Congress that counteract an executive order, or when they are challenged in the courts.