Question

Problems with scapegoating in group contingencies can be avoided if:

A. The behavior analyst sets the criteria low. B. Delivering the reinforcers, even if they weren't earned. C. Making the contingency elements random. D. All of the above

Answer 1

To avoid scapegoating in group contingencies, behavior analysts should set realistic criteria, deliver reinforcers fairly based on achievement, and use monitoring and rewards. These practices encourage equitable participation and reduce collective action problems.

Step-by-step explanation:

Problems with scapegoating in group contingencies can be avoided if the contingencies are designed carefully. For successful implementation, several strategies can be utilized:

• Setting the criteria at a realistic level, ensuring that all group members are capable of achieving the goal.
• Delivering reinforcers based on the achievement of the set criteria to ensure fairness and maintain motivation.
• Using a combination of monitoring, peer pressure, and rewards to encourage individual engagement and reduce the chance of free-riding or scapegoating.

It is important that behavior analysts ensure that the contingencies are clearly understood by all members of the group and are perceived as attainable and equitable. These methodical approaches help to mitigate collective action problems and foster positive group dynamics.