Final answer:
The pupillary response and accommodation reflex is an autonomic reflex, involving the optic nerve as the afferent branch, and the oculomotor nerve as the efferent branch, which affects the iris muscles to control pupil size.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of basic reflex that includes the pupillary response and accommodation is known as an autonomic reflex. Specifically, the pupillary light reflex is an autonomic reflex that manages the amount of light that enters the eye. When bright light hits the retina, it sends a signal through the optic nerve, which is the afferent branch of this reflex. The motor response, or the efferent branch, involves the oculomotor nerve that communicates with the ciliary ganglion, which then projects to the circular fibers of the iris causing constriction of the pupil. Conversely, when light levels are low, the sympathetic nervous system dilates the pupil. Both the pupillary constriction and dilation are examples of autonomic control of the eye involving the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems, respectively.