Final answer:
Cortisol affects adipose tissue by stimulating the breakdown of fat into fatty acids for energy, which is crucial for maintaining homeostasis during long-term stress response.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cortisol, a glucocorticoid hormone produced in the adrenal cortex, plays a critical role in the body's long-term stress response and affects adipose tissue and homeostasis. During stress, the hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which in turn prompts the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol. This hormone targets adipose tissue, promoting the breakdown of fat into fatty acids, which are then released into the bloodstream for ATP production. Cortisol also stimulates the synthesis of glucose to ensure a sustained energy supply to the body. However, hypersecretion of cortisol, as seen in Cushing's disease, can lead to abnormal fat accumulation and excessive glucose in the blood, while hyposecretion, as in Addison's disease, can cause hypoglycemia and disrupt electrolyte balance. Both scenarios can significantly impact homeostasis.
Cortisol, a glucocorticoid hormone, affects adipose tissue and homeostasis in multiple ways. It targets the breakdown of fat into fatty acids in adipose tissue, which are then released into the bloodstream for other tissues to use for ATP production. This mobilization of fatty acids helps provide energy during times of stress or long-term stress response. Additionally, cortisol stimulates glucose synthesis and has anti-inflammatory properties, but prolonged elevated levels of cortisol can weaken the immune system.