Final answer:
The brain does not increase its transport of glucose in response to insulin, unlike other tissues such as resting skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and adipose tissue, which all have insulin-sensitive glucose transporters.
Step-by-step explanation:
The tissue that does NOT increase its transport of glucose in response to insulin is the brain. Unlike other tissues, the brain's glucose uptake is not significantly regulated by insulin because it requires a constant supply of glucose regardless of insulin levels. Resting skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and adipose tissue do respond to insulin with an increase in glucose transport. Resting skeletal muscle and adipose tissue contain insulin-sensitive glucose transporters that facilitate glucose uptake when stimulated by insulin. In adipose tissue, excess blood glucose can lead to an increase in pyruvate that is converted into fatty acids and stored as body fat.
When blood glucose levels increase, insulin is released and acts to lower glucose levels by facilitating the movement of glucose into cells, particularly the liver and muscle cells where it is stored as glycogen. However, the brain is one of the few tissues that can take up glucose without the action of insulin, ensuring that it always has the necessary energy substrates available.