Final answer:
Formalization of waste management systems can disadvantage waste pickers by restricting their activities, making waste picking less competitive, and marginalizing them in the formal waste management sector.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Samson, formalization of waste management systems can disadvantage waste pickers in several ways. When waste management systems are formalized, it often involves the establishment of regulations, policies, and contracts that may restrict or exclude waste pickers from their usual activities. This can lead to a loss of livelihood and income for waste pickers who rely on collecting and selling recyclable materials.
Additionally, formalization may involve the introduction of new technology or mechanized processes, which can make waste picking less viable or competitive for waste pickers. For example, if waste management systems implement automated sorting and processing machines, there might be less demand for manual sorting by waste pickers.
Furthermore, formalization can also result in the consolidation of waste management into larger, centralized operations, which may leave waste pickers marginalized or excluded from the formal waste management sector. This can exacerbate social inequalities and negatively impact waste pickers' access to resources and opportunities.