Final answer:
A human somatic cell in the G2 phase contains 46 chromosomes, 23 homologous pairs, and 92 chromatids, while in the G1 phase, it contains 46 chromosomes, 23 homologous pairs, and 46 chromatids.
Step-by-step explanation:
In humans, which are diploid organisms with 2n = 46, each somatic cell normally contains 46 chromosomes. During the G2 phase of the cell cycle, a cell would still contain 46 chromosomes, which form 23 homologous pairs. However, after DNA replication has occurred, there would be a total of 92 chromatids, since each chromosome would consist of two identical sister chromatids. Conversely, in the G1 phase, before DNA replication, a cell would contain 46 chromosomes and 23 homologous pairs, but only 46 chromatids, because each chromosome would not yet have replicated.