Final answer:
Harvey refers to overpopulation as an 'apologetic' to suggest that it is often used to defensively justify a range of social and economic issues, potentially ignoring other contributing factors such as over-consumption and unequal resource distribution.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Harvey talks about the overpopulation argument being used as an 'apologetic', he implies that overpopulation is often employed as a justification or rationalization for social and economic issues. The term 'apologetic' here refers to a defensive stance wherein overpopulation is cited as the primary explanation for various problems like resource depletion, environmental degradation, and economic stress, potentially shifting the focus away from other significant factors such as over-consumption and waste, particularly in wealthy nations.
Furthermore, the debate around overpopulation incorporates concerns about not only the size of human populations but also global consumption patterns, the disproportionate use of resources by developed countries, and the ethical considerations surrounding population control. The issue is multifaceted, involving demographic transitions, fertility rates, and sustainable development, alongside the potential threats posed by a growing human population that may exceed the Earth's carrying capacity.
Experts challenge the simplistic view of overpopulation, mentioning that solutions should involve more than just controlling population numbers. Innovations in technology, shifts toward sustainable practices, and consideration for future reproductive choices are suggested as part of a more comprehensive approach.