Final answer:
The statement that a formal declaration is needed for a substitute decision-maker to give or refuse consent on behalf of an incapable person is true. Documents such as a health care proxy or living will function as these formal statements, ensuring that the person's wishes are respected in line with the Principle of autonomy.
Step-by-step explanation:
A formal statement that the person is the substitute decision-maker is necessary to give or refuse consent to a treatment, admission to a care facility, or a personal assistance service on behalf of an incapable person is generally considered true. This formal statement can take the form of a legal document, such as a health care proxy, which specifically appoints someone to make medical decisions for a patient who is unable to speak for themselves. Additionally, a living will is another type of legal document that details specific interventions a person wants or does not want (e.g., Do Not Resuscitate orders) in instances where they may be unable to provide informed consent.
The Principle of autonomy is central to decision-making in health care settings, allowing patients to exercise agency or self-determination regarding their care. However, when an individual is incapable of making decisions due to age, health status, or competence, a substitute decision-maker may be necessary. The legal authority of this decision-maker should be clearly outlined in a formal document to ensure that the individual's rights and wishes are respected, even in their incapacitated state.