Final answer:
The third person in the hierarchy of substitute decision makers is typically the adult child. Agents of political socialization include family members, religious leaders, and teachers, but not U.S. senators. Adolescents often prioritize peer advice for social issues and parental guidance for serious decisions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hierarchy of Substitute Decision Makers
In legal or medical contexts where a hierarchy of substitute decision makers is established, the #3 individual on the list typically is an adult child of the person who has become incapacitated or is unable to make decisions for themselves. This hierarchy often places a spouse first and parents second, though this can vary depending on specific laws and regulations.
As for the questions provided for reference:
An agent of political socialization includes influences like family members, religious leaders, and teachers. Therefore, the answer is d. a U.S. senator because a senator typically does not have a direct role in the socialization process.
When discussing the influence of parents vs. peer groups on adolescents, it is observed that adolescents might lean towards listening to their peers when it comes to social behaviors and trends, whereas they might adhere to parental advice for more serious life decisions or value-based dilemmas.