Final answer:
The most heat in the process of turning ice at 0°C into steam at 100°C is used during the vaporization phase, where water transitions from a liquid to a gas, as it requires the highest amount of energy per kilogram.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student asked which part of the process from turning an ice cube at 0°C and 1 atm into steam at 100°C and 1 atm uses the most heat. The answer to this question involves understanding specific heat capacities and latent heats of phase changes for water.
- Melting the ice cube (phase change from solid to liquid) occurs at 0°C and requires the latent heat of fusion.
- Heating all the water from 0°C to 100°C involves raising the temperature of the liquid water, with water having a specific heat capacity.
- Vaporizing all the water (phase change from liquid to gas) occurs at 100°C and requires the latent heat of vaporization, which is significantly higher than the heat of fusion.
The greatest amount of heat is used during vaporization of the water, where water absorbs 2256 kJ/kg, as compared to the melting process where it absorbs 334 kJ/kg. Therefore, the process of vaporizing all the water to steam takes the most heat.