Final answer:
Increased respiratory rate and/or volume without increased metabolism is known as hyperventilation, which can lead to a decrease in blood carbon dioxide levels and an increase in blood pH.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question asks about the condition where there is an increased respiratory rate and/or volume without increased metabolism. This condition is called hyperventilation. It occurs when a person breathes more deeply or quickly than the body requires at that time, which can lead to decreased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood and subsequent increase in blood pH (alkalosis). This is different from hyperpnea, which is an increase in the rate and depth of breathing due to an increased demand for oxygen by the body's cells, as seen during exercise, and does not affect blood oxygen or carbon dioxide levels to the same extent as hyperventilation.