Final answer:
The additional air inhaled after a normal inspiration is matched with the Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV), which is option B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The additional air inhaled after a normal inspiration is known as the Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV). The IRV allows for additional oxygen intake during activities that increase demand for oxygen, such as exercise. When considering the four major types of lung volumes, the tidal volume (TV) is the normal air inspired and expired during a breath, the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the extra air exhaled after a normal breath, and the residual volume (RV) is the air that remains in the lungs after a maximal exhalation to prevent alveoli from collapsing. Therefore, the correct match would be B. Inspiratory Reserve Volume.