Final answer:
During adolescence, Cathy's self-esteem is likely to fluctuate unpredictably due to the psychological and emotional changes associated with identity formation and the influence of social dynamics and hormonal changes.
Step-by-step explanation:
During adolescence, Cathy's self-esteem is most likely to fluctuate unpredictably. This period is characterized by rapid psychological and emotional changes, where teenagers are figuring out their identities and are often highly sensitive to peer evaluations and social comparisons. According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the main task during the adolescent stage is developing a sense of self and navigating identity versus role confusion. Adolescents are prone to mood swings, influenced by hormonal changes, and seek independence, which may contribute to fluctuations in self-esteem. Factors such as peer acceptance, body image, and the degree to which adolescents successfully establish their own identity can play significant roles in the stability of their self-esteem during this developmental period.