Final answer:
The rate of gas diffusion across a barrier can be calculated using the rate of diffusion equation, which takes into account factors such as concentration gradient, surface area, and distance traveled by gas particles. Graham's law is an empirical relationship that relates the rates of diffusion or effusion of gases based on their molar masses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rate of gas diffusion (Vgas) across a barrier can be calculated using the rate of diffusion equation. The rate of diffusion is the amount of gas passing through a given area over a given time. It depends on factors such as the concentration gradient, the surface area available for diffusion, and the distance the gas particles must travel. The time required for diffusion to occur is inversely proportional to the rate of diffusion.
Rate of diffusion = Amount of gas passing through an area / Unit of time
One empirical relationship that relates the rates of diffusion or effusion of two gases is Graham's law, which states that the ratio of the rates of diffusion or effusion is the square root of the inverse ratio of their molar masses.