Final answer:
The two main types of law are criminal law and civil law. Criminal law deals with offenses against society and includes regulations established by the government, while civil law involves disputes between private entities over harms or injuries. Courts are responsible for resolving both types of disputes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two basic types of law in the context of disputes are criminal law and civil law. Criminal law involves the government establishing rules and punishments for conduct that is prohibited because it can harm others. Examples include crimes like theft or assault, which are categorized as either felonies or misdemeanors, with felonies being more serious. In a criminal case, the government charges the individual with a crime, indicating society's denunciation of the specific conduct.
On the other hand, civil law deals with disputes between private parties in which one party alleges harm or injury committed by the other. Examples of civil cases include lawsuits for breach of contract, property disputes, and personal injury claims. In both types of jurisprudence, courts serve to adjudicate the matter and deliver justice according to the laws governing such disputes.