Final answer:
The MESSENGER mission ended in 2015 when the spacecraft was deliberately crashed into Mercury's surface.
Step-by-step explanation:
The MESSENGER mission, which is a NASA space probe mission to the planet Mercury, ended in 2015. None of the options provided (a) 2023, (b) 2025, (c) 2027, or (d) 2030 are correct. The MESSENGER spacecraft was deliberately crashed into Mercury's surface on April 30, 2015, after more than four years in orbit and after it had run out of propellant.
The messenger mission ended in April 30, 2015. It was launched on August 3, 2004 and orbited the planet Mars. The primary objective of the mission was to study the composition, atmosphere, and geology of Mars.