Final answer:
The correct term for a person capable of identifying and correcting hazards in the workplace is a 'Competent' person. Although the question hints at occupational psychology, the most suitable type would be Industrial-Organizational psychology, which is beyond the provided options of personality and clinical.
Step-by-step explanation:
A person that is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous or dangerous to employees, and who has the authority to take prompt corrective action to eliminate them is considered a/the Competent person. The options provided were: a) Qualified b) Authorized c) Competent d) Designated. Therefore, the correct answer is c) Competent.
Research in Occupational Psychology
A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job might turn their focus to various aspects of psychology. However, within the context of the workplace and occupation, such a researcher would most likely identify as a(n) Industrial-Organizational psychologist, which was not given as an option. Between the choices provided, which were a) personality and b) clinical, the closest fit would be personality psychologist, as they might explore aspects of personality that correlate with job performance and satisfaction. Nonetheless, the term Industrial-Organizational psychologist is a more accurate description for someone who studies employee-job fit.