Final answer:
The myeloid lineage phagocytes include neutrophils and eosinophils, which are granulocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens. T lymphocytes and natural killer cells do not engage in phagocytosis but serve other essential roles in the immune system.
Step-by-step explanation:
Phagocytes in the Immune System
The cell types that are considered phagocytes belonging to the myeloid lineage are neutrophils and eosinophils. Both of these cell types are granulocytes, a subgroup of leukocytes with granular cytoplasm. According to the information provided, we know that neutrophils are the most numerous types of phagocytes in the blood and are often the first responders to an infection. They are known for their ability to engulf and destroy pathogens. Eosinophils, another type of granulocyte, play a part in fighting larger parasites and are involved in allergic reactions. Macrophages, derived from monocytes, are also key phagocytes that can engulf a substantial number of pathogens, acting as scavengers in tissues and activating the adaptive immune response as antigen-presenting cells.
However, T lymphocytes and natural killer cells are not considered phagocytes; they are part of the lymphoid lineage. T lymphocytes are critical to the adaptive immune system, and natural killer cells are lymphocytes that destroy cancerous or virus-infected host cells by recognizing cells with missing self-signals. These cells do not directly attack invading pathogens by phagocytosis.
Therefore, from the options provided: A) Neutrophils and D) Eosinophils are the correct answers.