Final answer:
The elements listed - compliance standards, systems for monitoring, auditing, and reporting, delegation of authority, and enforcement - are all essential components of effective ethics and compliance programs. None of the options provided are incorrect.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which element is not a part of effective ethics and compliance programs within a business or organization. When examining the components of robust ethics and compliance programs, the options presented are all recognized elements except for 'd. enforcement'.
Enforcement is indeed a critical aspect of any ethics and compliance program. For such a program to be effective, there must be mechanisms in place to ensure compliance standards are followed. This includes a system for monitoring, auditing, and reporting to track adherence to the policies, and a delegation of authority that defines who has the responsibility for different areas of compliance.
Therefore, all of the elements listed contribute to an effective compliance program, meaning that none of the options presented is incongruent with established standards for such programs. None of the options provided are incorrect.