Final answer:
Intellectual and cultural commons comprise resources like public domain books and music that are legally accessible by anyone without intellectual property restrictions. Exclusive patents, proprietary research, and traditionally published literature do not fall into this category as they are protected by intellectual property laws.
Step-by-step explanation:
The types of resources that fall under the category of intellectual and cultural commons are predominantly those that can be shared and accessed by the public freely and legally. They include resources like public domain books and music, which are no longer protected by intellectual property rights and can be freely used by anyone. Exclusive patents and trademarks, proprietary scientific research, and traditionally published literature, on the other hand, fall under the protective umbrella of intellectual property laws and are not part of the commons but rather are owned by individuals or corporations. These laws grant owners certain exclusive rights over their creations, such as the right to produce, use, or sell the invention or work, typically for a limited period of time before it enters the public domain.