Question

What is DNA translocation and how can it be distinguished?

a) DNA translocation involves the movement of genetic material from one chromosome to another. Balanced translocation maintains equal genetic material between chromosomes, while unbalanced translocation results in unequal genetic material.
b) DNA translocation is the replication of DNA strands. Balanced translocation preserves genetic material proportionally, whereas unbalanced translocation causes gene loss or gain.
c) DNA translocation refers to the unwinding of DNA during replication. Balanced translocation maintains DNA structure, while unbalanced translocation leads to DNA strand breakage.
d) DNA translocation involves the exchange of DNA between identical chromosomes. Balanced translocation creates diversity, while unbalanced translocation maintains genetic stability.

Answer 1

A DNA translocation is the movement of a segment of a chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome. Reciprocal translocation is one type of translocation that occurs without any gain or loss of genetic material.

Step-by-step explanation:

A DNA translocation occurs when a segment of a chromosome dissociates and reattaches to a different, nonhomologous chromosome. Translocations can be benign or have devastating effects, depending on how the positions of genes are altered with respect to regulatory sequences. One type of translocation is reciprocal translocation, which results from the exchange of chromosome segments between two nonhomologous chromosomes without any gain or loss of genetic information.

For example, in reciprocal translocation, a segment of one chromosome may break off and attach to another chromosome. This can result in the rearrangement of genes and their positions on the chromosomes. Reciprocal translocations are associated with certain cancers and disorders such as schizophrenia. They are still considered balanced translocations because the overall amount of genetic material remains the same.