Final answer:
Retained fetal membranes in cows can be predisposed by factors such as a bacterial infection or structural problems within the reproductive organs. These issues may prevent the normal detachment and expulsion of the membranes, leading to potential complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about two predisposing factors for retained fetal membranes in cows. Retained fetal membranes occur when the placenta and membranes that should be expelled after birth do not pass out of the uterus. This can lead to various complications, such as postpartum hemorrhage or infection. Two noted predisposing factors for this condition include a bacterial infection and a problem with the structure of the reproductive organs, such as a defect in the amniotic sac, uterus, or cervix.
Disease or infection can weaken the normal attachments between the fetal membranes and the uterus, making it more likely that parts of the membranes will be retained. Additionally, if there are structural problems with the cow's reproductive organs, this can interfere with the normal detachment and expulsion of the membranes following birth. Strict sanitation and proper veterinary care around the time of calving can help mitigate the risk of retained fetal membranes.