Final answer:
The common name for the fly that bites cattle is the deerfly. It is a biting fly known for targeting livestock, including cattle, which can also be infected with tapeworms by ingesting contaminated vegetation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common name of the fly that typically bites the lower extremities of cattle is the deerfly. Deerflies are known for their aggressive biting behavior and can cause significant discomfort to livestock. While the student's question specifically asks about flies biting cattle, it's important to note that cattle and pigs can also face infestations by different types of parasites. For example, cattle (T. saginata) and pigs (T. solium) can become infected by ingesting vegetation contaminated by eggs or gravid proglottids. These are segments of tapeworms that contain the eggs and when released into the environment, they can lead to the spread of tapeworm infections if ingested by suitable intermediate hosts. In addition to flies, ticks are also important vectors of diseases in cattle and can be encountered frequently in the US.